PMI Updated PMP Exam Questions and Answers by allegra

 In an agile project, the project manager should collaborate with the stakeholders and the product owner to manage changes in the product. Asking the stakeholders about the priority of this change will help the project manager understand the value and urgency of the change, and align the expectations of the stakeholders with the project vision. Asking the product owner to review the product backlog will help the project manager ensure that the change is properly prioritized and incorporated into the product backlog, which is the source of requirements for the agile project. Asking the team members to analyze the impact of this change, asking the sponsor to approve the change request, or asking the team members to include the change in the next iteration are not the best actions to take in an agile project, as they may introduce unnecessary delays, bureaucracy, or scope creep. References: = PMBOK Guide, 6th edition, page 18, section 1.2.3 (Agile Considerations); page 176, section 5.1.1.1 (Project Stakeholders); page 179, section 5.1.3.1 (Project Charter); page 181, section 5.2.1.1 (Product Owner); page 182, section 5.2.3.1 (Product Backlog)

According to the Project Management Professional (PMP) certification exam content outline, one of the tasks under the domain of executing the project is to “Implement approved changes, actions, and workarounds, including escalating decisions to the appropriate stakeholders, as necessary, to meet project objectives” 1. This implies that the project manager should have a risk management plan that includes predefined risk responses for potential threats and opportunities. A data breach is a serious threat that could compromise the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the project data and deliverables. Therefore, the project manager should follow the planned risk response to handle the issue as the first step. The planned risk response could involve mitigating the impact of the breach, transferring the risk to a third party, avoiding further exposure, or accepting the consequences. The project manager should also communicate the issue to the relevant stakeholders and seek their support and guidance.

The other options are not the first steps that the project manager should take. Reviewing possible alternative documentation methods with the team (B) is not relevant to the data breach issue and could delay the resolution. Updating the risk register with the risk and proposed impact © is important, but it should be done after implementing the risk response, not before. Asking the team to fix the system to resolve the issue (D) is not sufficient, as the project manager should also coordinate with other parties, such as the security team, the legal team, the customer, and the senior management, to address the breach and its implications. References: 1 Project Management Professional (PMP) Examination Content Outline, June 2019, p. 112 How to Effectively Manage a Data Breach 3 6 Steps to Developing a Data Breach Response Plan How to handle data breaches according to the GDPR

 According to the PMBOK® Guide, the issue log is a project document that records and tracks the issues that arise during a project and how they are resolved1. The change log is a project document that records all the changes that occur during a project, including their status, description, and impact2. The project manager should update these two documents as soon as possible to reflect the invoices with errors and the actions taken to correct them. The risk register is a project document that identifies and analyzes the project risks and their responses3, but it does not record the issues that have already occurred. The stakeholder register is a project document that identifies and classifies the project stakeholders and their requirements4, but it does not record the issues or changes that affect them. The backlog register is not a standard project document, but it may be used in agile projects to list the product features or user stories that need to be delivered, but it does not record the issues or changes that affect the product quality. References: 1: PMBOK® Guide, page 123; 2: PMBOK® Guide, page 122; 3: PMBOK® Guide, page 436; 4: PMBOK® Guide, page 513; : Agile Practice Guide, page 77

The project manager can use alternatives analysis and cost-benefit analysis to influence the client’s decision to keep the project active. These are two tools or techniques that can help the project manager present different options and their implications to the client, and demonstrate the value and feasibility of the project.

Alternatives analysis is a technique that involves generating, comparing, and evaluating different possible courses of action in order to select the best one1. The project manager can use this technique to show the client the pros and cons of continuing or closing the project, and the impact of each option on the project objectives, scope, schedule, cost, quality, risk, and stakeholder satisfaction. The project manager can also propose alternative solutions or approaches that can address the client’s concerns or issues, and explain how they can be implemented.

Cost-benefit analysis is a technique that involves comparing the expected costs and benefits of a project or an option to determine its economic viability and attractiveness2. The project manager can use this technique to show the client the return on investment (ROI) of the project, and how the benefits outweigh the costs. The project manager can also quantify the costs and benefits of different alternatives, and compare them to the baseline or the status quo. The project manager can also highlight the intangible or qualitative benefits of the project, such as customer satisfaction, reputation, social impact, or strategic alignment.

By using these two tools or techniques, the project manager can influence the client’s decision to keep the project active by providing factual and rational information, appealing to the client’s interests and values, and offering choices and flexibility.

 1: Alternatives Analysis - Project Management Knowledge 2: Cost Benefit Analysis - Project Management Knowledge