NAHQ Updated CPHQ Exam Questions and Answers by georgina

When comparing the productivity of a department with similar departments at other facilities, the first step is to determine which processes will be evaluated1. This involves identifying the key processes that contribute to the department’s productivity and are comparable across different facilities1. Once these processes are identified, they can be measured and compared to similar processes at other facilities1. This comparison can provide valuable insights into areas where the department is performing well and where there may be opportunities for improvement1.

References: 

https://www.indeed.com/career-advice/career-development/benchmarking-in-health-care

The use of technology in health care can reduce medical errors by improving the reliability and accuracy of information, enhancing communication and coordination, and supporting decision making and care delivery. However, technology alone is not sufficient to ensure patient safety. It must be accompanied by a culture of safety that fosters a blame-free environment, encourages reporting and learning from errors, promotes teamwork and collaboration, and allocates resources and leadership support for safety improvement123

A culture of safety is defined as “the extent to which an organization’s culture supports and promotes patient safety. It refers to the values, beliefs, and norms that are shared by healthcare practitioners and other staff throughout the organization that influence their actions and behaviors.” 4 A culture of safety can be measured by assessing the attitudes, perceptions, and behaviors of staff and leaders regarding patient safety issues5

A culture of safety can enhance the effectiveness of technology by ensuring that it is designed, implemented, and used in ways that align with the needs and preferences of users, the goals and processes of care, and the context and environment of the organization6 A culture of safety can also mitigate the potential risks and unintended consequences of technology, such as usability issues, workflow disruptions, alert fatigue, and new types of errors78

Therefore, while the use of technology may result in fewer medical errors, in order for this strategy to be most effective, it should be supported by a culture of safety that creates the conditions and capacities for safe and quality care9

References: 1: How 4 hospitals are using technology to reduce medical errors - Advisory 2: Problems with health information technology and their effects on care delivery and patient outcomes: a systematic review | Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association | Oxford Academic 3: Use of Technology to Reduce Medication Errors and Improve Patient Safety 4: What Is Patient Safety Culture? | Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality 5: Safety Culture in Healthcare: A 7-Step Framework 6: Technology as a Tool for Improving Patient Safety | PSNet 7: Health IT’s role in reducing medical errors - ONC 8: Safety Culture in Healthcare Settings | NIOSH | CDC 9: [Shaping the Future of the Healthcare Quality Profession]

A clinical pathway, also known as a care pathway, is a multidisciplinary management tool based on evidence-based practice for a specific group of patients with a predictable clinical course12. It details the steps in a course of treatment or care in a plan, pathway, algorithm, guideline, protocol, or other 'inventory of actions’1. The main purpose of a clinical pathway is to reduce variation and improve the quality of care13245. It is not necessarily depicted using a value stream map (option A), not limited to one patient care setting (option B), and not required for accountable care organizations (option D).

References: 

https://www.medbridge.com/blog/2022/02/clinical-pathways-leading-the-way-to-better-outcomes/

Infection control risk assessments are performed to identify actual or potential infection risks for populations of healthcare personnel and to inform measures that reduce those risks1. These assessments are conducted regularly and the results are reviewed with occupational health services leaders to set performance goals and charge relevant healthcare organization departments and individuals to reduce risks1. The main purpose of these assessments is to prioritize organizational infection prevention and control goals1.

References:

CDC Infection Control Guidelines