CompTIA Updated N10-009 Exam Questions and Answers by destiny

In a mesh topology, every node is directly connected to every other node. This provides high redundancy and reliability, as there are multiple paths for data to travel between nodes. This topology is often used in networks where high availability is crucial.References: CompTIA Network+ study materials.

At the transport layer, connectionless communication is typically handled using the User Datagram Protocol (UDP), which transmits data in units called datagrams. Unlike TCP, UDP does not establish a connection before sending data and does not guarantee delivery, making datagrams the correct term for the transmission format in this context. References: CompTIA Network+ Exam Objectives and official study guides.

X.509 certificates are most commonly associated with Public Key Infrastructure (PKI). These certificates are used for a variety of security functions, including digital signatures, encryption, and authentication.

PKI: X.509 certificates are a fundamental component of PKI, used to manage encryption keys and authenticate users and devices.

Digital Certificates: They are used to establish secure communications over networks, such as SSL/TLS for websites and secure email communication.

Authentication and Encryption: X.509 certificates provide the means to securely exchange keys and verify identities in various applications, ensuring data integrity and confidentiality.

Network References:

CompTIA Network+ N10-007 Official Certification Guide: Covers PKI and the role of X.509 certificates in network security.

Cisco Networking Academy: Provides training on PKI, certificates, and secure communications.

Network+ Certification All-in-One Exam Guide: Explains PKI, X.509 certificates, and their applications in securing network communications.

GSM (Global System for Mobile communications) is the international standard that uses SIM cards to authenticate and connect phones to the cellular network. GSM allows users to place and receive calls while traveling globally, provided they have a SIM card. CDMA, on the other hand, does not use SIM cards in the same way and is primarily used in the United States. (Reference: CompTIA Network+ Study Guide, Chapter on Network Fundamentals)