CompTIA Updated PT0-002 Exam Questions and Answers by omer

URL enumeration is the activity of discovering and mapping the URLs of a website, such as directories, files, parameters, or subdomains. URL enumeration can help to identify the structure, content, and functionality of a website, as well as potential vulnerabilities or misconfigurations. One of the methods of URL enumeration is to analyze the robots.txt file of a website, which is a text file that tells search engine crawlers which URLs the crawler can or can’t request from the site1. The output shown in the question is an example of a robots.txt file that disallows crawling of certain URLs, such as /author/, /xmlrpc.php, /wp-admin, or /page/.

The tester is attempting to determine active hosts on the network by writing a script that pings a range of IP addresses. Ping is a network utility that sends ICMP echo request packets to a host and waits for ICMP echo reply packets. Ping can be used to test whether a host is reachable or not by measuring its response time. The script uses a for loop to iterate over a range of IP addresses from 192.168.1.1 to 192.168.1.254 and pings each one using the ping command with -c 1 option, which specifies one packet per address.

since vlan hopping requires 2 vlans to be nested in a single packet. Double tagging occurs when an attacker adds and modifies tags on an Ethernet frame to allow the sending of packets through any VLAN. This attack takes advantage of how many switches process tags. Most switches will only remove the outer tag and forward the frame to all native VLAN ports. With that said, this exploit is only successful if the attacker belongs to the native VLAN of the trunk link. https://cybersecurity.att.com/blogs/security-essentials/vlan-hopping-and-mitigation

Tag nesting is a technique that involves inserting two VLAN tags into an Ethernet frame to bypass VLAN hopping prevention mechanisms. The first tag is stripped by the first switch, and the second tag is processed by the second switch, allowing the frame to reach a different VLAN than intended. RFID cloning is a technique that involves copying the data from an RFID tag to another tag or device. RFID tagging is a technique that involves attaching an RFID tag to an object or person for identification or tracking purposes. Meta tagging is a technique that involves adding metadata to web pages or files for search engine optimization or classification purposes.

If the employee already works in the accounting department, MFA will not stop their actions because they'll already have access by virtue of their job.

Enforcing mandatory employee vacations is the best recommendation to prevent this type of activity in the future, as it will make it harder for an employee to conceal fraudulent transactions or unauthorized changes to a payment system. Mandatory employee vacations are a form of internal control that requires employees to take time off from work periodically and have their duties performed by someone else. This can help detect errors, irregularities, or frauds committed by employees who might otherwise have exclusive access or control over certain processes or systems.