PECB Updated ISO-IEC-27001-Lead-Auditor Exam Questions and Answers by alicja

According to ISO/IEC 27001:2022 clause 7.2, the organization must ensure that the persons doing work under its control are aware of the information security policy, their contribution to the effectiveness of the ISMS, the implications of not conforming to the ISMS requirements, and the benefits of improved information security performance. The organization must also provide information security awareness education and training to its personnel and relevant interested parties. According to control A.6.3, the organization must ensure that all employees and contractors are made aware of the information security incident management procedures and their expected roles and responsibilities. Therefore, an opportunity for improvement (OFI) can be identified if the information security incident training effectiveness can be improved, as evidenced by the differences in the understanding of the meaning of “weakness, event, and incident” among the staff.

According to ISO/IEC 27001:2022 clause 9.1, the organization must monitor, measure, analyze and evaluate the information security performance and the effectiveness of the ISMS. The organization must also retain appropriate documented information as evidence of the monitoring and measurement results. According to control A.5.24, the organization must establish and maintain an information security incident management process that includes the following activities:

•reporting information security events and weaknesses;

•assessing and deciding on information security events;

•responding to information security incidents;

•learning from information security incidents;

•collecting evidence and disclosing information.

Therefore, a nonconformity (NC) can be identified if the terminology of the incident management reporting process is unclear, as evidenced by the staff misunderstanding of the meaning of “weakness, event, and incident”. This could lead to inconsistent or inaccurate reporting, assessment, response, learning, and disclosure of information security incidents, which could affect the information security performance and the effectiveness of the ISMS.

References:

•ISO/IEC 27001:2022, clauses 7.2, 9.1, and Annex A controls A.5.24 and A.6.3

•[PECB Candidate Handbook ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor], pages 15-16, 18-19, 22-23

•ISO/IEC 27035-1:2016, clauses 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8

•ISO 27001 – Annex A.16: Information Security Incident Management

•ISO 27001:2022 Annex A Control 5.24 - What’s New?

ISO/IEC 27001 requires organizations to comply with applicable legal, statutory, regulatory, and contractual requirements, including those pertaining to information security. These requirements must be identified, documented, and kept up to date as part of the organization's ISMS.

References: ISO/IEC 27001:2013 Standard, Clause 6.1.3 (Information security requirements)

The main purpose of a Stage 1 audit is to evaluate the adequacy and effectiveness of the organisation’s ISMS documentation, and to assess whether the organisation is prepared for the Stage 2 audit, where the implementation and operation of the ISMS will be verified. The Stage 1 audit also involves verifying the scope, objectives, and context of the ISMS, as well as identifying any areas of concern or nonconformities that need to be addressed before the Stage 2 audit.

References:

• ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Lead Auditor (Information Security Management Systems) objectives and content from Quality.org and PECB
• ISO/IEC 27006:2015 Information technology — Security techniques — Requirements for bodies providing audit and certification of information security management systems Section 7.3.1

The correct answers for matching each of the descriptions with the appropriate risk term are:

• The strategy chosen to respond to a specific information security risk: This is a definition of information security risk treatment. According to ISO/IEC 27000:2022, information security risk treatment is “the process of selecting and implementing measures to modify the information security risk” Section 3.33.
• The effect of uncertainty on information security objectives: This is a definition of information security risk. According to ISO/IEC 27000:2022, information security risk is “the effect of uncertainty on information security objectives” Section 3.32.
• The requirements against which information security risks are evaluated: This is a definition of information security risk criteria. According to ISO/IEC 27000:2022, information security risk criteria are “the terms of reference by which the significance of information security risks is assessed” Section 3.31.
• A definition of the overall level of information security risk that is considered to be tolerable: This is a definition of information security risk acceptance criteria. According to ISO/IEC 27000:2022, information security risk acceptance criteria are “the level of information security risk that is acceptable” Section 3.30.