LPI Updated 101-500 Exam Questions and Answers by hussain

When piping the output of find to the xargs command, the option to find that is useful if the filenames have spaces in them is -print0. The -print0 option prints the full file name on the standard output (STDOUT), followed by a null character, instead of a newline. This allows the xargs command to use the -0 option to read items from the standard input (STDIN) delimited by null characters, instead of spaces or newlines. This way, filenames with spaces are not split into separate arguments. For example, find . -name “*.txt” -print0 | xargs -0 grep “hello” will find all the text files in the current directory and its subdirectories that contain the word hello, even if the filenames have spaces in them. The -rep-space, -nospace, and -ignore-space options are not valid options for the find command. References: LPI Exam 101 Detailed Objectives, Topic 103: GNU and Unix Commands, Weight: 25, Objective 103.3: Perform basic file management, find command, xargs command

 When a hard link pointing to a file is created, the link count of the file is increased by one. The link count is the number of hard links that refer to the same inode. The file size, modify timestamp, inode number and permissions are not affected by creating a hard link. References:

• LPI Exam 101 Detailed Objectives, Topic 104: Devices, Linux Filesystems, Filesystem Hierarchy Standard, Weight: 9, Objective 104.5: Create and change hard and symbolic links
• LPI Linux Essentials Study Guide, Chapter 4: The Linux Filesystem, Section 4.3: Hard and Symbolic Links, Page 81

 The common Linux commands for file management are mv, cp and mkdir. The mv command moves or renames files and directories. The cp command copies files and directories. The mkdir command creates directories. The copy and move commands are not valid Linux commands. References:

• LPI Exam 101 Detailed Objectives, Topic 103: GNU and Unix Commands, Weight: 25, Objective 103.1: Work on the command line
• LPI Linux Essentials Study Guide, Chapter 3: Working on the Command Line, Section 3.2: Basic Commands, Page 55