Isaca Updated CRISC Exam Questions and Answers by mario

 AI in Heuristic Security Systems:

Heuristic security systems use artificial intelligence (AI) to identify and respond to potential threats by learning from data patterns and behaviors.

 Risk of Misclassification:

During the baselining process, AI systems establish what is considered normal behavior. If malicious activity is present during this period, it may be incorrectly classified as normal.

This misclassification can lead to undetected security breaches, as the system will not recognize these activities as threats in the future.

 Impact of Misclassification:

Misclassified malicious activities can lead to significant security risks, allowing attackers to operate undetected within the system.

It undermines the effectiveness of the heuristic system, reducing its ability to protect the organization from real threats.

 Comparing Other Risks:

Less Reliance on Human Intervention: This is a general concern but does not directly impact the accuracy of threat detection.

Difficulty in Risk Assessments: While a challenge, it is not the greatest risk compared to misclassification of malicious activity.

Outdated Patterns: While a concern, the primary risk lies in initial misclassification during baselining.

 References:

The CRISC Review Manual discusses the challenges of AI in security systems, particularly the risk of misclassification during the learning phase (CRISC Review Manual, Chapter 4: Information Technology and Security, Section 4.7.4 Artificial Intelligence) .

The percentage of projects introduced into production without high-risk issues is the most important measure of the effectiveness of risk management in project implementation, as it reflects the ability of risk management to ensure that the project deliverables meet the quality, functionality, and security requirements, and do not introduce unacceptable risks to the organization. The percentage of projects having the risk register updated regularly, having key risk indicators (KRIs) established to measure risk, or having an action plan to remediate overdue issues are not the most important measures, as they are more related to the process, performance, or compliance of risk management, rather than the outcome or value of risk management. References = CRISC Review Manual, 7th Edition, page 110.

Risk Treatment Strategy - Avoidance:

Definition: Risk avoidance involves taking actions to completely eliminate a risk by discontinuing the activities or conditions that give rise to it.

Application: In this case, the organization decided to shut down its online sales order system temporarily to avoid the risk of a data breach until sufficient controls are implemented.

Steps Involved:

Identifying the Risk: Recognizing the potential for a data breach due to inadequate controls.

Decision to Avoid: Determining that the best course of action is to shut down the system to prevent any possible breach.

Implementation: Taking immediate action to shut down the system and communicate this decision to relevant stakeholders.

Comparison with Other Options:

Transfer: Involves shifting the risk to another party (e.g., through insurance), which is not applicable here.

Mitigation: Involves reducing the impact or likelihood of the risk, but does not eliminate it completely as avoidance does.

Acceptance: Accepting the risk without taking action, which is not the chosen strategy here.

Best Practices:

Comprehensive Risk Assessment: Conduct thorough risk assessments to determine when risk avoidance is the most appropriate strategy.

Clear Communication: Ensure all stakeholders are informed about the decision and the reasons behind it.

CRISC Review Manual: Provides detailed explanations of different risk treatment strategies, including avoidance​​.

ISACA Guidelines: Highlight the importance of choosing the appropriate risk treatment strategy based on the specific risk scenario​​.

References:

An incentive program is most likely implemented to manage the risk associated with loss of employees, as it aims to motivate, retain, and reward the employees who have valuable skills, knowledge, and experience, and to reduce the risk of employee turnover, dissatisfaction, or underperformance. Data, reputation, and customer lists are not the organizational assets that are most likely managed by an incentive program, as they are more related to the information, image, or relationship of the organization, respectively, rather than the human capital of the organization. References = CRISC Review Manual, 7th Edition, page 100.