Isaca Updated CCOA Exam Questions and Answers by ella-rose

Misunderstanding thecloud service shared responsibility modeloften leads to the false assumption that the cloud service provider (CSP) is responsible for securing all aspects of the cloud environment.

What is the Shared Responsibility Model?It delineates the security responsibilities of the CSP and the customer.

Typical Misconception:Customers may believe that the provider handles all security aspects, including data protection and application security, while in reality, the customer is usually responsible for securing data and application configurations.

Impact:This misunderstanding can result in unpatched software, unsecured data, or weak access control.

Incorrect Options:

B. Improperly securing access to the cloud metastructure layer:This is a specific security flaw but not directly caused by misunderstanding the shared responsibility model.

C. Misconfiguration of access controls for cloud services:While common, this usually results from poor implementation rather than misunderstanding shared responsibility.

D. Vendor lock-in:This issue arises from contractual or technical dependencies, not from misunderstanding the shared responsibility model.

Exact Extract from CCOA Official Review Manual, 1st Edition:

Refer to Chapter 3, Section "Cloud Security Models," Subsection "Shared Responsibility Model" - Misunderstanding the shared responsibility model often leads to misplaced assumptions about who handles specific security tasks.

Toprevent users from making outbound non-encrypted connectionsto the internet, it is essential toblock Port 80, which is used forunencrypted HTTP traffic.

Security Risk:HTTP transmits data in plaintext, making it vulnerable to interception and eavesdropping.

Preferred Alternative:UsePort 443(HTTPS), which encrypts data via TLS.

Mitigation:Blocking Port 80 ensures that users must use secure, encrypted connections.

Attack Vector:Unencrypted HTTP traffic can be intercepted usingman-in-the-middle (MitM)attacks.

Incorrect Options:

A. Port 3389:Used by RDP for remote desktop connections.

B. Port 25:Used by SMTP for sending email, which can be encrypted using SMTPS on port 465.

C. Port 443:Used for encrypted HTTPS traffic, which should not be blocked.

Exact Extract from CCOA Official Review Manual, 1st Edition:

Refer to Chapter 5, Section "Network Security and Port Management," Subsection"Securing Outbound Connections" - Blocking Port 80 is crucial to enforce encrypted communications.

Ahoney accountis adecoy user accountset up to detectmalicious activity, such as:

Deception Techniques:The account appears legitimate to attackers, enticing them to use it.

Monitoring Usage:Any interaction with the honey account triggers an alert, indicating potential compromise.

Detection of Credential Theft:If attackers attempt to use the honey account, it signals possible credential leakage.

Purpose:Specifically designed toidentify malicious activitythrough themisuse of seemingly valid accounts.

Other options analysis:

A. Honeypot:A decoy system or network, not specifically an account.

C. Indicator of compromise (IoC):Represents evidence of an attack, not a decoy mechanism.

D. Multi-factor authentication (MFA):Increases authentication security, but does not detect malicious use directly.

CCOA Official Review Manual, 1st Edition References:

Chapter 6: Threat Detection and Deception:Discusses the use of honey accounts for detecting unauthorized access.

Chapter 8: Advanced Threat Intelligence:Highlights honey accounts as a proactive detection technique.

Theprimary riskassociated with cybercriminalseavesdropping on unencrypted network trafficisdata exposurebecause:

Interception of Sensitive Data:Unencrypted traffic can be easily captured using tools likeWiresharkortcpdump.

Loss of Confidentiality:Attackers can viewclear-text data, includingpasswords, personal information, or financial details.

Common Attack Techniques:Includespacket sniffingandMan-in-the-Middle (MitM)attacks.

Mitigation:Encrypt data in transit using protocols likeHTTPS, SSL/TLS, or VPNs.

Other options analysis:

A. Data notification:Not relevant in the context of eavesdropping.

B. Data exfiltration:Usually involves transferring data out of the network, not just observing it.

D. Data deletion:Unrelated to passive eavesdropping.

CCOA Official Review Manual, 1st Edition References:

Chapter 4: Network Security Operations:Highlights the risks of unencrypted traffic.

Chapter 8: Threat Detection and Monitoring:Discusses eavesdropping techniques and mitigation.