ECCouncil Updated 212-89 Exam Questions and Answers by aron

A Denial-of-Service (DoS) attack is characterized by flooding the network with a high volume of traffic to consume all available network resources, preventing intended or authorized users from accessing system, network, or applications. This type of attack aims to overwhelm the target's capacity to handle incoming requests, causing a denial of access to legitimate users. Unlike XSS (Cross-Site Scripting) attacks, URL manipulation, or SQL injection, which exploit vulnerabilities in web applications for unauthorized data access or manipulation, a DoS attack specifically targets the availability of services.References:Incident Handler (ECIH v3) courses and study guides cover various types of network security incidents, including Denial-of-Service attacks, detailing their impact on network resources and services.

In the context of an incident response team, the role of an internal auditor like David includes identifying, evaluating, and reporting on information security risks and vulnerabilities within the organization. His responsibility is to ensure that the organization's security controls are effective and to identify any security loopholes that could be exploited by attackers. Once identified, he reports these vulnerabilities to management so that they can take the necessary actions to mitigate the risks. This role is critical inmaintaining the organization's overall security posture and ensuring compliance with relevant laws, regulations, and policies.References:Incident Handler (ECIH v3) courses and study guides cover the roles and responsibilities of incident response team members, highlighting the importance of internal auditors in identifying and addressing security vulnerabilities.

In the context of incident handling, the "point of contact" list is essential for ensuring that Sheila, the incident handler working at night, can quickly notify the responsible personnel within the organization about the cyberattack. This list typically includes the contact information of key stakeholders and decision-makers who need to be informed about security incidents, allowing for timely communication, decision-making, and response coordination.

References:Incident Handler (ECIH v3) courses and study guides stress the importance of having a well-maintained point of contact list as part of an organization's incident response plan to facilitate efficient and effective communication during and after cybersecurity incidents.

Ping sweeping is a technique used in network reconnaissance to identify which IP addresses in a range are active or live. By sending ICMP echo requests ("ping") to multiple hosts and observing which ones respond, an attacker or, in this case, a red team member like Allan, can determine which systems are up and potentially vulnerable to further exploration or attack. This method is foundational for mapping the network before deploying more targeted exploits or scans.

References:EC-Council's Certified Incident Handler (ECIH v3) program discusses various reconnaissance techniques, including ping sweeping, as a preliminary step in network analysis and vulnerability assessment.