Isaca Updated IT-Risk-Fundamentals Exam Questions and Answers by issa

Including previously overlooked risks in a risk report ensures the dashboard's completeness and comprehensiveness. Here’s an explanation:

Comprehensive Risk Management: To achieve comprehensive risk management, it’s essential to consider all potential risks, including those previously overlooked. This ensures that the risk dashboard reflects the true risk landscape of the organization.

Assurance of Completeness: Adding overlooked risks provides assurance to stakeholders that the risk management process is thorough and that no significant risks are ignored. This completeness is crucial for maintaining confidence in the organization’s risk management efforts.

References: Professional standards, such as ISA 315, emphasize the importance of a complete and accurate understanding of all risks to ensure the effectiveness of the risk management process. Ensuring that all risks are considered, including previously overlooked ones, aligns with these standards and best practices​​​​.

Publishing IT risk-related policies and procedures sets the overall expectations for risk management within an enterprise. These documents provide a clear framework and guidelines for how risk should be managed, communicated, and mitigated across the organization. They outline roles, responsibilities, and processes, ensuring that all employees understand their part in the risk management process. This clarity helps align the organization's efforts towards a common goal and fosters a risk-aware culture. While holding management accountable and ensuring regulatory compliance are important, the primary role of these policies is to set the tone and expectations for managing risks effectively, as emphasized by standards such as ISO 27001 and COBIT.

Penetration testing is an example of an inductive method to gather information. Here's why:

Vulnerability Analysis: This typically involves a deductive approach where existing knowledge of vulnerabilities is applied to identify weaknesses in the system. It is more of a systematic analysis rather than an exploratory method.

Controls Gap Analysis: This is a deductive method where existing controls are evaluated against standards or benchmarks to identify gaps. It follows a structured approach based on predefined criteria.

Penetration Testing: This involves actively trying to exploit vulnerabilities in the system to discover new security weaknesses. It is an exploratory and inductive method, where testers simulate attacks to uncover security flaws that were not previously identified.

Penetration testing uses an inductive approach by exploring and testing the system in various ways to identify potential security gaps, making it the best example of an inductive method.

References:

ISA 315 Anlage 5 and 6: Understanding vulnerabilities, threats, and controls in IT systems​​​​.

GoBD and ISO-27001 guidelines on minimizing attack vectors and conducting security assessments​​​​.

These references ensure a comprehensive understanding of the concerns and methodologies involved in IT risk and audit processes.

Ein Exploit-Ereignis tritt auf, wenn ein Angreifer eine Schwachstelle ausnutzt, um unbefugten Zugang zu einem System zu erlangen oder es zu kompromittieren. Dies ist ein grundlegender Begriff in der IT-Sicherheit. Wenn ein Angreifer eine bekannte oder unbekannte Schwachstelle in einer Software, Hardware oder einem Netzwerkprotokoll erkennt und ausnutzt, wird dies als Exploit bezeichnet.

Definition und Bedeutung:

Ein Exploit ist eine Methode oder Technik, die verwendet wird, um Schwachstellen in einem System auszunutzen.

Schwachstellen können Softwarefehler, Fehlkonfigurationen oder Sicherheitslücken sein.

Ablauf eines Exploit-Ereignisses:

Identifizierung der Schwachstelle: Der Angreifer entdeckt eine Schwachstelle in einem System.

Entwicklung des Exploits: Der Angreifer entwickelt oder verwendet ein bestehendes Tool, um die Schwachstelle auszunutzen.

Durchführung des Angriffs: Der Exploit wird durchgeführt, um unautorisierten Zugang zu erlangen oder Schaden zu verursachen.

References:

ISA 315: Generelle IT-Kontrollen und die Notwendigkeit, Risiken aus dem IT-Einsatz zu identifizieren und zu behandeln​​.

IDW PS 951: IT-Risiken und Kontrollen im Rahmen der Jahresabschlussprüfung, die die Notwendigkeit von Kontrollen zur Identifizierung und Bewertung von Schwachstellen unterstreicht.