IAPP Updated CIPM Exam Questions and Answers by husna

A physical control that can limit privacy risk is keypad or biometric access. This is a type of access control that restricts who can enter or access a physical location or device where personal data is stored or processed. Keypad or biometric access requires a code or a biological feature (such as a fingerprint or a face scan) to authenticate the identity and authorization of the person seeking access. This can prevent unauthorized access, theft, loss, or damage of personal data by outsiders or insiders, . References: [CIPM - International Association of Privacy Professionals], [Free CIPM Study Guide - International Association of Privacy Professionals]

The first action that the privacy officer should take after being notified by the benefits manager that she accidentally sent out the retirement enrollment report of all employees to a wrong vendor is to perform a risk of harm analysis. A risk of harm analysis is a process of assessing the potential adverse consequences for the individuals whose personal data has been compromised by a data breach or incident5 The purpose of this analysis is to determine whether the breach or incident poses a significant risk of harm to the affected individuals, such as identity theft, fraud, discrimination, physical harm, emotional distress, or reputational damage6 The risk of harm analysis should consider various factors, such as the type and amount of data involved, the sensitivity and context of the data, the likelihood and severity of harm, the characteristics of the recipients or unauthorized parties who accessed the data, and the mitigating measures taken or available to reduce the harm7 Based on this analysis, the privacy officer can then decide whether to notify the affected individuals, the relevant authorities, or other stakeholders about the breach or incident. Notification is usually required by law or best practice when there is a high risk of harm to the individuals as a result of the breach or incident8 Notification can also help to mitigate the harm by allowing the individuals to take protective actions or seek remedies. Therefore, performing a risk of harm analysis is a crucial first step for responding to a data breach or incident. References: 5: Can a risk of harm itself be a harm? | Analysis | Oxford Academic; 6: No Harm Done? Assessing Risk of Harm under the Federal Breach Notification Rule; 7: CCOHS: Hazard and Risk - Risk Assessment; 8: Breach Notification Requirements in Canada | PrivacySense.net

Crafting policies which ensure minimal data is collected is least likely to be achieved by implementing a Data Lifecycle Management (DLM) program, as it is more related to the data collection stage, not the data management stage. A DLM program focuses on how to handle the data after it has been collected, such as how to store, use, share, and dispose of it. The other options are more likely to be achieved by implementing a DLM program, as they help to optimize the data storage costs, comply with the data retention obligations, and protect the data confidentiality. References: CIPM Body of Knowledge, Domain III: Privacy Program Management Activities, Task 1: Manage data inventory.

 The best way to view an organization’s privacy framework is as a living structure that aligns to changes in the organization, such as business goals, stakeholder expectations, legal requirements, and technological developments. A privacy framework should be flexible and adaptable to support the organization’s privacy strategy and vision. It should also be compatible with other frameworks, such as the cybersecurity framework, that the organization may use. References: IAPP CIPM Study Guide, page 16.