CompTIA Updated CAS-004 Exam Questions and Answers by kaylan

[Reference: https://www.codegrepper.com/code-examples/shell/netstat+find+port, The netstat command is a tool that displays network connections, routing tables, interface statistics, masquerade connections, and multicast memberships. The command has various options that can modify its output. The options used in the correct answer are:, p: Show the PID and name of the program to which each socket belongs., n: Show numerical addresses instead of trying to determine symbolic host, port or user names., u: Show only UDP connections., t: Show only TCP connections., The grep command is a tool that searches for a pattern in a file or input. The option used in the correct answer is:, P: Interpret the pattern as a Perl-compatible regular expression (PCRE)., The pattern used in the correct answer is ^tcp, which means any line that starts with tcp. This will filter out any UDP connections from the output., The sudo command is a tool that allows a user to run programs with the security privileges of another user (usually the superuser or root). This is necessary to run the netstat command with the -p option, which requires root privileges., The correct answer will show only active TCP connections with numerical addresses and program names, which can be considered as active Internet connections. The other answers will either show different types of connections (such as listening or local), use different options that are not relevant (such as -a, -l, -w, or -s), or use different commands that are not useful (such as awk or column). References: https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man8/netstat.8.html https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man1/grep.1.html https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man8/sudo.8.html, , ]

[Reference: https://docs.rapid7.com/insightvm/elevating-permissions/, Spawning a shell using sudo and an escape string is a valid Linux post-exploitation method that can exploit a misconfigured sudoers file and allow a standard user to execute commands as root. ASIC password cracking is used to break hashed passwords, not to elevate privileges. Reading the /etc/passwd file may reveal usernames, but not passwords or privileges. Unquoted service path exploits are applicable to Windows systems, not Linux. Using the UNION operator is a SQL injection technique, not a Linux post-exploitation method. Verified References: https://www.comptia.org/blog/what-is-post-exploitation https://partners.comptia.org/docs/default-source/resources/casp-content-guide, ]

[Reference: https://searchsecurity.techtarget.com/definition/cryptanalysis, Homomorphic encryption is a type of encryption that allows computation and analysis of data within a ciphertext without knowledge of the plaintext. This means that encrypted data can be processed without being decrypted first, which enhances the security and privacy of the data. Homomorphic encryption can enable applications such as secure cloud computing, machine learning, and data analytics. References: https://www.ibm.com/security/homomorphic-encryption https://www.synopsys.com/blogs/software-security/homomorphic-encryption/, ]