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LPI 102-500 Exam Topics, Blueprint and Syllabus

LPIC-1 Exam 102, Part 2 of 2, version 5.0

Last Update December 27, 2024
Total Questions : 235

Our LPIC Level 1 102-500 exam questions and answers cover all the topics of the latest LPIC-1 Exam 102, Part 2 of 2, version 5.0 exam, See the topics listed below. We also provide LPI 102-500 exam dumps with accurate exam content to help you prepare for the exam quickly and easily. Additionally, we offer a range of LPI 102-500 resources to help you understand the topics covered in the exam, such as LPIC Level 1 video tutorials, 102-500 study guides, and 102-500 practice exams. With these resources, you can develop a better understanding of the topics covered in the exam and be better prepared for success.

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LPI 102-500 Exam Overview :

Exam Name LPIC-1 Exam 102, Part 2 of 2, version 5.0
Exam Code 102-500
Actual Exam Duration The duration of the LPI 102-500 exam is 90 minutes.
What exam is all about The LPI 102-500 exam is part of the Linux Professional Institute (LPI) certification program and is designed to test the candidate's knowledge and skills in Linux administration. Specifically, the exam covers topics such as file management, user and group management, system security, networking, and troubleshooting. Passing this exam demonstrates that the candidate has a solid understanding of Linux administration and is capable of performing basic tasks in a Linux environment.
Passing Score required The passing score required in the LPI 102-500 exam is 500 out of 800. This means that you need to answer at least 62.5% of the questions correctly to pass the exam. It is important to note that the actual passing score may vary depending on the difficulty level of the exam and the specific version of the test that you take. It is always recommended to aim for a higher score than the passing score to ensure that you have a good understanding of the exam material.
Competency Level required The LPI 102-500 exam is designed for individuals who have a basic understanding of Linux operating systems and are looking to enhance their skills and knowledge in this area. The competency level required for this exam includes: 1. Understanding of Linux command-line tools and utilities 2. Knowledge of Linux file systems and file management 3. Familiarity with Linux networking concepts and protocols 4. Understanding of Linux system administration tasks, including user and group management, system startup and shutdown, and software installation and management 5. Knowledge of Linux security concepts and best practices To successfully pass the LPI 102-500 exam, candidates should have a solid foundation in these areas and be able to apply their knowledge to real-world scenarios. They should also be able to troubleshoot common Linux issues and have a good understanding of Linux performance tuning and optimization.
Questions Format The LPI 102-500 exam consists of multiple-choice questions, fill-in-the-blank questions, and drag-and-drop questions. The exam also includes scenario-based questions that require candidates to analyze a given situation and select the best course of action. Additionally, the exam may include questions that require candidates to identify and troubleshoot common Linux system issues.
Delivery of Exam The LPI 102-500 exam is a computer-based exam that is delivered through Pearson VUE testing centers. It consists of multiple-choice questions and has a time limit of 90 minutes.
Language offered The LPI 102-500 exam is offered in English language only.
Cost of exam You can visit the official website of LPI or contact their customer support to get the latest pricing information.
Target Audience The LPI 102-500 certification exam is designed for individuals who have a basic understanding of Linux operating systems and want to enhance their knowledge and skills in Linux administration. The target audience for this exam includes: 1. System administrators who are responsible for managing Linux systems in an enterprise environment. 2. IT professionals who want to validate their skills and knowledge in Linux administration. 3. Students and professionals who are interested in pursuing a career in Linux administration. 4. Individuals who want to enhance their knowledge and skills in Linux administration to improve their job prospects. 5. Anyone who wants to gain a deeper understanding of Linux operating systems and their administration.
Average Salary in Market The average salary for a Linux System Administrator with LPI certification ranges from $50,000 to $100,000 per year, depending on experience, location, and other factors. It's important to note that salary can vary widely based on individual circumstances and the specific job role.
Testing Provider You can visit the official website of the Linux Professional Institute (LPI) to register for the exam and find authorized testing centers near you.
Recommended Experience The LPI 102-500 exam is the second of two exams required to achieve the LPIC-1 certification. The recommended experience for this exam includes: 1. Familiarity with the Linux command line interface 2. Understanding of Linux file system hierarchy and permissions 3. Knowledge of basic networking concepts and protocols 4. Experience with Linux system administration tasks such as user management, package management, and system monitoring 5. Understanding of shell scripting and automation 6. Familiarity with Linux security concepts and best practices It is also recommended that candidates have completed the LPI 101-500 exam or have equivalent knowledge and experience.
Prerequisite The prerequisite for the LPI 102-500 exam is to have passed the LPI 101-500 exam. The LPI 101-500 exam covers the basic skills and knowledge required for Linux system administration, while the LPI 102-500 exam focuses on more advanced topics such as networking, security, and troubleshooting. Candidates must have a good understanding of Linux command-line tools, file systems, and basic system administration tasks before attempting the LPI 102-500 exam.
Retirement (If Applicable) You can check the official website of LPI (Linux Professional Institute) for the latest updates on exam retirements and replacements.
Certification Track (RoadMap): The LPI 102-500 exam is part of the Linux Professional Institute (LPI) certification program. It is the second exam in the LPIC-1 certification track, which is designed to validate the skills and knowledge of Linux professionals at the entry-level. The LPIC-1 certification track consists of three exams: 101-500, 102-500, and 103-500. The 101-500 exam covers the basics of Linux system administration, while the 102-500 exam focuses on more advanced topics such as networking, security, and troubleshooting. The 103-500 exam is the final exam in the LPIC-1 track and covers topics related to system administration, scripting, and automation. To become LPIC-1 certified, candidates must pass all three exams in the track. The certification is vendor-neutral and recognized globally, making it a valuable credential for Linux professionals seeking to advance their careers.
Official Information https://www.lpi.org/our-certifications/lpic-1-overview
See Expected Questions LPI 102-500 Expected Questions in Actual Exam
Take Self-Assessment Use LPI 102-500 Practice Test to Assess your preparation - Save Time and Reduce Chances of Failure

LPI 102-500 Exam Topics :

Section Weight Objectives
Topic 105: Shells and Shell Scripting 8%

105.1 Customize and use the shell environment

Weight: 4

Description: Candidates should be able to customize shell environments to meet users' needs. Candidates should be able to modify global and user profiles.

Key Knowledge Areas:

  • Set environment variables (e.g. PATH) at login or when spawning a new shell.
  • Write Bash functions for frequently used sequences of commands.
  • Maintain skeleton directories for new user accounts.
  • Set command search path with the proper directory.

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

  • .
  • source
  • /etc/bash.bashrc
  • /etc/profile
  • env
  • export
  • set
  • unset
  • ~/.bash_profile
  • ~/.bash_login
  • ~/.profile
  • ~/.bashrc
  • ~/.bash_logout
  • function
  • alias

105.2 Customize or write simple scripts

Weight: 4

Description: Candidates should be able to customize existing scripts, or write simple new Bash scripts.

Key Knowledge Areas:

  • Use standard sh syntax (loops, tests).
  • Use command substitution.
  • Test return values for success or failure or other information provided by a command.
  • Execute chained commands.
  • Perform conditional mailing to the superuser.
  • Correctly select the script interpreter through the shebang (#!) line.
  • Manage the location, ownership, execution and suid-rights of scripts.

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

  • for
  • while
  • test
  • if
  • read
  • seq
  • exec
  • ||
  • &&
Topic 106: User Interfaces and Desktops 4%

106.1 Install and configure X11

Weight: 2

Description: Candidates should be able to install and configure X11.

Key Knowledge Areas:

  • Understanding of the X11 architecture.
  • Basic understanding and knowledge of the X Window configuration file.
  • Overwrite specific aspects of Xorg configuration, such as keyboard layout.
  • Understand the components of desktop environments, such as display managers and window managers.
  • Manage access to the X server and display applications on remote X servers.
  • Awareness of Wayland.

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

  • /etc/X11/xorg.conf
  • /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/
  • ~/.xsession-errors
  • xhost
  • xauth
  • DISPLAY
  • X

106.2 Graphical Desktops

Weight: 1

Description: Candidates should be aware of major Linux desktops. Furthermore, candidates should be aware of protocols used to access remote desktop sessions.

Key Knowledge Areas:

  • Awareness of major desktop environments
  • Awareness of protocols to access remote desktop sessions

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

  • KDE
  • Gnome
  • Xfce
  • X11
  • XDMCP
  • VNC
  • Spice
  • RDP

106.3 Accessibility

Weight: 1

Description: Demonstrate knowledge and awareness of accessibility technologies.

Key Knowledge Areas:

  • Basic knowledge of visual settings and themes.
  • Basic knowledge of assistive technology.

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

  • High Contrast/Large Print Desktop Themes.
  • Screen Reader.
  • Braille Display.
  • Screen Magnifier.
  • On-Screen Keyboard.
  • Sticky/Repeat keys.
  • Slow/Bounce/Toggle keys.
  • Mouse keys.
  • Gestures.
  • Voice recognition.
Topic 107: Administrative Tasks 12%

107.1 Manage user and group accounts and related system files

Weight: 5

Description: Candidates should be able to add, remove, suspend and change user accounts.

Key Knowledge Areas:

  • Add, modify and remove users and groups.
  • Manage user/group info in password/group databases.
  • Create and manage special purpose and limited accounts.

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

  • /etc/passwd
  • /etc/shadow
  • /etc/group
  • /etc/skel/
  • chage
  • getent
  • groupadd
  • groupdel
  • groupmod
  • passwd
  • useradd
  • userdel
  • usermod

 

107.2 Automate system administration tasks by scheduling jobs

Weight: 4

Description: Candidates should be able to use cron and systemd timers to run jobs at regular intervals and to use at to run jobs at a specific time.

Key Knowledge Areas:

  • Manage cron and at jobs.
  • Configure user access to cron and at services.
  • Understand systemd timer units.

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

  • /etc/cron.{d,daily,hourly,monthly,weekly}/
  • /etc/at.deny
  • /etc/at.allow
  • /etc/crontab
  • /etc/cron.allow
  • /etc/cron.deny
  • /var/spool/cron/
  • crontab
  • at
  • atq
  • atrm
  • systemctl
  • systemd-run

 

107.3 Localisation and internationalisation

Weight: 3

Description: Candidates should be able to localize a system in a different language than English. As well, an understanding of why LANG=C is useful when scripting.

Key Knowledge Areas:

  • Configure locale settings and environment variables.
  • Configure timezone settings and environment variables.

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

  • /etc/timezone
  • /etc/localtime
  • /usr/share/zoneinfo/
  • LC_*
  • LC_ALL
  • LANG
  • TZ
  • /usr/bin/locale
  • tzselect
  • timedatectl
  • date
  • iconv
  • UTF-8
  • ISO-8859
  • ASCII
  • Unicode
Topic 108: Essential System Services 9%

108.1 Maintain system time

Weight: 3

Description: Candidates should be able to properly maintain the system time and synchronize the clock via NTP.

Key Knowledge Areas:

  • Set the system date and time.
  • Set the hardware clock to the correct time in UTC.
  • Configure the correct timezone.
  • Basic NTP configuration using ntpd and chrony.
  • Knowledge of using the pool.ntp.org service.
  • Awareness of the ntpq command.

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

  • /usr/share/zoneinfo/
  • /etc/timezone
  • /etc/localtime
  • /etc/ntp.conf
  • /etc/chrony.conf
  • date
  • hwclock
  • timedatectl
  • ntpd
  • ntpdate
  • chronyc
  • pool.ntp.org

 

108.2 System logging

Weight: 4

Description: Candidates should be able to configure rsyslog. This objective also includes configuring the logging daemon to send log output to a central log server or accept log output as a central log server. Use of the systemd journal subsystem is covered. Also, awareness of syslog and syslog-ng as alternative logging systems is included.

Key Knowledge Areas:

  • Basic configuration of rsyslog.
  • Understanding of standard facilities, priorities and actions.
  • Query the systemd journal.
  • Filter systemd journal data by criteria such as date, service or priority.
  • Configure persistent systemd journal storage and journal size.
  • Delete old systemd journal data.
  • Retrieve systemd journal data from a rescue system or file system copy.
  • Understand interaction of rsyslog with systemd-journald.
  • Configuration of logrotate.
  • Awareness of syslog and syslog-ng.

Terms and Utilities:

  • /etc/rsyslog.conf
  • /var/log/
  • logger
  • logrotate
  • /etc/logrotate.conf
  • /etc/logrotate.d/
  • journalctl
  • systemd-cat
  • /etc/systemd/journald.conf
  • /var/log/journal/

 

108.3 Mail Transfer Agent (MTA) basics

Weight: 3

Description: Candidates should be aware of the commonly available MTA programs and be able to perform basic forward and alias configuration on a client host. Other configuration files are not covered.

Key Knowledge Areas:

  • Create e-mail aliases.
    Configure e-mail forwarding.
    Knowledge of commonly available MTA programs (postfix, sendmail, exim) (no configuration).

Terms and Utilities:

  • ~/.forward
  • sendmail emulation layer commands
  • newaliases
  • mail
  • mailq
  • postfix
  • sendmail
  • exim

 

108.4 Manage printers and printing

Weight: 2

Description: Candidates should be able to manage print queues and user print jobs using CUPS and the LPD compatibility interface.

Key Knowledge Areas:

  • Basic CUPS configuration (for local and remote printers).
  • Manage user print queues.
  • Troubleshoot general printing problems.
  • Add and remove jobs from configured printer queues.

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

  • CUPS configuration files, tools and utilities
  • /etc/cups/
  • lpd legacy interface (lpr, lprm, lpq)
Topic 109: Networking Fundamentals 14%

109.1 Fundamentals of internet protocols

Weight: 4

Description: Candidates should demonstrate a proper understanding of TCP/IP network fundamentals.

Key Knowledge Areas:

  • Demonstrate an understanding of network masks and CIDR notation.
  • Knowledge of the differences between private and public "dotted quad" IP addresses.
  • Knowledge about common TCP and UDP ports and services (20, 21, 22, 23, 25, 53, 80, 110, 123, 139, 143, 161, 162, 389, 443, 465, 514, 636, 993, 995).
  • Knowledge about the differences and major features of UDP, TCP and ICMP.
  • Knowledge of the major differences between IPv4 and IPv6.
  • Knowledge of the basic features of IPv6.

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

  • /etc/services
  • IPv4, IPv6
  • Subnetting
  • TCP, UDP, ICMP

 

109.2 Persistent network configuration

Weight: 4

Description: Candidates should be able to manage the persistent network configuration of a Linux host.

Key Knowledge Areas:

  • Understand basic TCP/IP host configuration.
  • Configure ethernet and wi-fi network using NetworkManager.
  • Awareness of systemd-networkd.

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

  • /etc/hostname
  • /etc/hosts
  • /etc/nsswitch.conf
  • /etc/resolv.conf
  • nmcli
  • hostnamectl
  • ifup
  • ifdown

 

109.3 Basic network troubleshooting

Weight: 4

Description: Candidates should be able to troubleshoot networking issues on client hosts.

Key Knowledge Areas:

  • Manually configure network interfaces, including viewing and changing the configuration of network interfaces using iproute2.
  • Manually configure routing, including viewing and changing routing tables and setting the default route using iproute2.
  • Debug problems associated with the network configuration.
  • Awareness of legacy net-tools commands.

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

  • ip
  • hostname
  • ss
  • ping
  • ping6
  • traceroute
  • traceroute6
  • tracepath
  • tracepath6
  • netcat
  • ifconfig
  • netstat
  • route

 

109.4 Configure client side DNS

Weight: 2

Description: Candidates should be able to configure DNS on a client host.

Key Knowledge Areas:

  • Query remote DNS servers.
  • Configure local name resolution and use remote DNS servers.
  • Modify the order in which name resolution is done.
  • Debug errors related to name resolution.
  • Awareness of systemd-resolved.

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

  • /etc/hosts
  • /etc/resolv.conf
  • /etc/nsswitch.conf
  • host
  • dig
  • getent
Topic 110: Security 10%

110.1 Perform security administration tasks

Weight: 3

Description: Candidates should know how to review system configuration to ensure host security in accordance with local security policies.

Key Knowledge Areas:

  • Audit a system to find files with the suid/sgid bit set.
  • Set or change user passwords and password aging information.
  • Being able to use nmap and netstat to discover open ports on a system.
  • Set up limits on user logins, processes and memory usage.
  • Determine which users have logged in to the system or are currently logged in.
  • Basic sudo configuration and usage.

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

  • find
  • passwd
  • fuser
  • lsof
  • nmap
  • chage
  • netstat
  • sudo
  • /etc/sudoers
  • su
  • usermod
  • ulimit
  • who, w, last

 

110.2 Setup host security

Weight: 3

Description: Candidates should know how to set up a basic level of host security.

Key Knowledge Areas:

  • Awareness of shadow passwords and how they work.
  • Turn off network services not in use.
  • Understand the role of TCP wrappers.

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

  • /etc/nologin
  • /etc/passwd
  • /etc/shadow
  • /etc/xinetd.d/
  • /etc/xinetd.conf
  • systemd.socket
  • /etc/inittab
  • /etc/init.d/
  • /etc/hosts.allow
  • /etc/hosts.deny

 

110.3 Securing data with encryption

Weight: 4

Description: The candidate should be able to use public key techniques to secure data and communication.

Key Knowledge Areas:

  • Perform basic OpenSSH 2 client configuration and usage.
  • Understand the role of OpenSSH 2 server host keys.
  • Perform basic GnuPG configuration, usage and revocation.
  • Use GPG to encrypt, decrypt, sign and verify files.
  • Understand SSH port tunnels (including X11 tunnels).

The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:

  • ssh
  • ssh-keygen
  • ssh-agent
  • ssh-add
  • ~/.ssh/id_rsa and id_rsa.pub
  • ~/.ssh/id_dsa and id_dsa.pub
  • ~/.ssh/id_ecdsa and id_ecdsa.pub
  • ~/.ssh/id_ed25519 and id_ed25519.pub
  • /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key and ssh_host_rsa_key.pub
  • /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key and ssh_host_dsa_key.pub
  • /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ecdsa_key and ssh_host_ecdsa_key.pub
  • /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ed25519_key and ssh_host_ed25519_key.pub
  • ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
  • ssh_known_hosts
  • gpg
  • gpg-agent
  • ~/.gnupg/